During a recent engagement, I found a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in a legal document management application and created a quick and dirty document exfiltration payload. Unfortunately, this discovery and coding happened on the final day of the engagement (*cough* reporting bonus hacking day), and I didn’t have a chance to actually put the exfiltrated…
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ADExplorer is a tool I have always had in my backpack. It can be useful for both offensive and defensive purposes, but in this post, I am going to focus more on its offensive use. The tool itself can be found here: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/adexplorer A typical scenario I often face on engagements is that I have…
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With the ever-tightening defensive grip on techniques like domain fronting and detections becoming more effective at identifying common command and control (C2) traffic patterns, our ability to adapt to different egress methods is being tested. Of course, finding methods of pushing out C2 traffic can be a fun exercise during a Red Team engagement. A…
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In the age of threat hunting, automated mass scanning, and the occasionally curious SOC, properly securing your command and control (C2) infrastructure is key to any engagement. While many setups today include a CDN Domain Front with a custom Nginx or Apache ruleset sprinkled on top, I wanted to share my recipe for success. Fully…
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During an Internal Penetration Test or Adversarial Attack Simulation (Red Team), TrustedSec will deploy a rogue, Linux-based networking device onto a client’s network. These devices will sometimes obtain an IP address via DHCP and establish an outbound connection wherein we can perform our testing. Every client network is different, but we have noticed that a…
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We’ve all been there: you’ve completed your initial recon, sent in your emails to gather those leaked HTTP headers, spent an age configuring your malleable profile to be just right, set up your CDNs, and spun up your redirectors. Then it’s time, you send in your email aaaaaand…nothing. You can see from your DNS diagnostic…
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In this post, I will cover some easy things that defenders can do to make it harder for attackers to succeed. As you all know, there is never a silver bullet when it comes to security, so these tips will only make it harder for attackers by focusing on the basics, and sometimes, that helps…
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Since joining the TrustedSec AETR team, I have been spending a bit of time looking at tradecraft for MacOS environments, which, unfortunately for us attackers, are getting tougher to attack compared to their Windows peers. With privacy protection, sandboxing, and endless entitlement dependencies, operating via an implant on a MacOS-powered device can be a minefield….
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Recently, I was on an engagement where I discovered I had plaintext credentials to an account that could modify Active Directory Group Policy Objects (GPOs). This proved to be a fun challenge, as Group Policy files and properties can be bent to our will even when hacking through a straw (SOCKS only, in this case)….
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Since beginning work as a red teamer almost two years ago, I’ve had to learn a lot of new information and tooling. I had never worked with Cobalt Strike before and there were features not obvious to me until I had used it for a while and gained some experience with it. This post will…
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